While setting up a Gentoo install with a full disk encryption, I continuously got to a point where the passphrase would show up on boot but I was unable to enter the passphrase. The behavior of the keyboard was also odd, it would toggle it's numlock light every couple of button presses.

Ultimately the issue was with me not having XHCI support compiled into my kernel and having my keyboard plugged into a USB 3.0 or 3.1 port. After enabling and recompiling my kernel the issue immediately cleared up.